|
This list of large scale temperature reconstructions of the last 2,000 years includes climate reconstructions which have contributed significantly to the modern consensus on the temperature record of the past 2000 years. The instrumental temperature record only covers the last 150 years at a hemispheric or global scale, and reconstructions of earlier periods are based on climate proxies. In an early attempt to show that climate had changed, Hubert Lamb's 1965 paper generalised from temperature records of central England together with historical, botanical and archeological evidence to produce a qualitative estimate of temperatures in the north Atlantic region. Subsequent quantitative reconstructions used statistical techniques with various climate proxies to produce larger scale reconstructions. Tree ring proxies can give an annual resolution of extratropical regions of the northern hemisphere, and can be statistically combined with other sparser proxies to produce multiproxy hemispherical or global reconstructions. Quantitative reconstructions have consistently shown earlier temperatures below the temperature levels reached in the late 20th century. This pattern as seen in was dubbed the hockey stick graph, and as of 2010 this broad conclusion was supported by more than two dozen reconstructions, using various statistical methods and combinations of proxy records, with variations in how flat the pre-20th century "shaft" appears.〔.〕 ==List of reconstructions in order of publication== * "The early medieval warm epoch and its sequel". * "Simulated northern hemisphere temperature departures 1579-1880". * "Reconstructed Northern Hemisphere annual temperature since 1671 based on high-latitude tree-ring data from North America". * "Little Ice Age summer temperature variations; their nature and relevance to recent global warming trends". * "Was there a ‘medieval warm period’, and if so, where and when?". * "Global interdecadal and century-scale climate oscillations during the past five centuries". * "Arctic Environmental Change of the Last Four Centuries". * "High resolution reconstructed Northern Hemisphere temperatures for the last few centuries: using regional average tree ring, ice core and historical annual time series". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of large-scale temperature reconstructions of the last 2,000 years」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|